摘要
本试验旨在研究发酵杜仲叶粉(FEL)对育雏期三穗鸭生长性能、肠道发育及血浆生化指标的影响.选取体重相近、健康的7日龄三穗鸭384只,随机分成4组,每组8个重复,每个重复12只鸭.对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组饲粮中FEL添加水平分别为0、1％、2％和3％,各组饲粮营养水平一致.试验期为28 d.结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加2％的FEL可极显著提高平均日采食量(P＜0.01);饲粮中添加1％～3％的FEL可提高平均日增重(P＞0.05).2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1％的FEL能够显著增加空肠肌层厚度(P＜0.05);饲粮中添加2％的FEL能够显著增加空肠绒毛高度(P＜0.05);饲粮中添加3％的FEL能够显著降低十二指肠隐窝深度(P＜0.05);饲粮中添加1％～3％的FEL能够显著增加十二指肠肌层厚度(P＜0.05).3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1％的FEL能够极显著降低血浆白蛋白(ALB)含量以及丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活性(P＜0.01);饲粮中添加1％～2％的FEL能够显著或极显著降低血浆天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)和谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)活性(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);饲粮中添加1％～3％的FEL能够极显著降低血浆碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性(P＜0.01);饲粮中添加1％～3％的FEL能够极显著降低血浆甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)含量(P＜0.01);饲粮中添加2％～3％的FEL能够极显著升高血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量(P＜0.01);饲粮中添加1％的FEL显著降低血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量(P＜0.05).4)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1％的FEL可显著提高空肠过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性(P＜0.05);饲粮中添加2％～3％的FEL可显著提高空肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性(P＜0.05).综上所述,饲粮中添加发酵杜仲叶粉能够提高育雏期三穗鸭的平均日采食量,改善肠道形态结构,促进肠道发育,提高机体抗氧化能力,保护肝脏健康,在本试验条件下的适宜添加水平为1％～2％.
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf pow-der(FEL)on the growth performance,intestinal development and plasma biochemical indexes of Sansui ducks during brooding period.A total of 384 healthy one-day-old Sansui ducks with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 12 ducks per replicate.The addition levels of FEL in the diets of control group,test group 1,test group 2 and test group 3 were 0,1％,2％and 3％,re-spectively,and the nutrient levels of the diets were the same among the groups.The test period was 28 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the addition of 2％FEL in the diet could extremely significantly increase the average daily feed intake(P＜0.051),and the addition of 1％to 3％FEL in the diet could increase the average daily weight gain(P＞0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the addition of 1％FEL in the diet could significantly increase the jejunal muscular thickness(P＜0.05),the addi-tion of 2％FEL in the diet could significantly increase the jejunal villus height(P＜0.05),the addition of 3％FEL in the diet could significantly decrease the duodenal crypt depth(P＜0.05),and the addition of 1％to 3％FEL in the diet could significantly increase the duodenal muscular thickness(P＜0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the plasma albumin(ALB)content and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity were extreme-ly significantly reduced by adding 1％FEL to the diet(P＜0.01),the plasma aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and glutamyltransferase(GGT)activities were significantly or extremely significantly reduced by adding 1％to 2％FEL to the diet(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the plasma alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity was extremely significantly reduced by adding 1％to 3％FEL to the diet(P＜0.01),the plasma triglyceride(TG)and total cholesterol(TC)contents were extremely significantly reduced by adding 1％to 3％FEL to the diet(P＜0.01),and the plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C)content was extremely significantly increased by adding 2％to 3％FEL to the diet(P＜0.01),while the plasma low density lipoprotein-cholesterin(LDL-C)content was significantly reduced by adding 1％FEL to the diet(P＜0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the addition of 1％FEL in the diet significantly increased jejunal catalase(CAT)activity(P＜0.05),and the addition of 2％to 3％FEL in the diet significantly increased jejunal glutathion peroxidase(GPx)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities(P＜0.05).In summary,the addition of FEL to the diet can increase the average daily feed intake,improve the intestinal morphological structure,promote the intesti-nal development,and improve the body's antioxidant capacity and protect the liver health of Sansui ducks dur-ing brooding period.The suitable addition level under this experimental condition is 1％to 2％.[Chinese Jour-nal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(7):4365-4374]
基金项目
黔农科院青年基金([2022]02号)
黔农科院人才专项([2022]02号)
国家水禽产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站(CARS-42-53)
维普
万方数据