摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的"三丁酸甘油酯+二甲酸钾+植物精油"复合制剂对商品肉兔生产性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化和免疫指标的影响.选取300只健康断奶伊拉商品肉兔,随机分为5个组,每组60个重复,每个重复1只肉兔.A组为空白对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;B组为抗生素对照组,饲喂基础饲粮+20 g/t恩拉霉素+52.5 g/t金霉素;C、D、E组为试验组,分别饲喂基础饲粮+1.0 kg/t三丁酸甘油酯+0.6％二甲酸钾+200 g/t植物精油、基础饲粮+1.5 kg/t三丁酸甘油酯+0.8％二甲酸钾+300g/t植物精油、基础饲粮+2.0 kg/t三丁酸甘油酯+1.0％二甲酸钾+400 g/t植物精油.预试期5 d,正试期30 d.结果表明:1)E组的末重、平均日增重、半净膛屠宰率、全净膛屠宰率、腿肌率与A组相比均有显著提高(P＜0.05),与B组相比无显著差异(P＞0.05);各试验组的料重比与B组差异不显著(P＞0.05),但E组的料重比显著低于A组(P＜0.05);各试验组之间,随着复合制剂添加量的增加,试验兔腹泻率和死亡率有降低的趋势,其中以E组最低.2)各试验组的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪表观消化率与B组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05),但均显著高于A组(P＜0.05).3)胸腺指数和圆小囊指数均以E组最高,与A组相比差异显著或极显著(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),与B组相比差异不显著(P＞0.05).4)E组的血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、白蛋白(ALB)含量与总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著或极显著高于A组(P＜0.05),与B组差异不显著(P＞0.05);血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性以E组最低,显著低于A组(P＜0.05).综上所述,本试验条件下,肉兔饲粮中复合制剂的适宜添加量为2.0 kg/t三丁酸甘油酯+1.0％二甲酸钾+400 g/t植物精油.
Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to research the effects of adding different doses of"tributyl glyceride+potassium dicarbonate+essential oil"combined additives to diets on performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,serum biochemical and immune indexes of commercial meat rabbits.A total of 300 weaned Hyla commercial meat rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with each group had 50 rabbits and 1 rabbit as a replicate.The experiment consists of one blank group(group A,),one antibiotic group(group B),and three experimental groups(groups C,D and E).Rabbits in groups A,B,C,D and E were fed basal diet,basal di-et+20 g/t enramycin+52.5 g/t chlortetracycline,basal diet+1.0 kg/t tributyl glyceride+0.6％potassium for-mate+200 g/t essential oil,basal diet+1.5 kg/t tributyl glyceride+0.8％potassium formate+300 g/t essential oil,basal diet+2.0 kg/t tributyl glyceride+1.0％potassium formate+400 g/t essential oil,respectively.The pre-trial period was 5 days,and the formal trial period was 30 days.The results showed as follows:1)the fi-nal weight,average daily gain,semi-eviscerated percentage,eviscerated percentage and leg muscle percentage of group E were significantly improved compared with group A(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences compared with group B(P＞0.05);the feed to gain ratio of each experimental group was not sig-nificantly different from group B(P＞0.05),but the group E was significantly lower than group A(P＜0.05);among experimental groups,as the additive amount of combined additives increased,the diarrhea rate and mor-tality rate of experimental rabbits showed a decreasing trend,with group E had the lowest.2)The differences in crude protein and ether extract apparent digestibility between each experimental group and group B were not significant(P＞0.05),but were significant compared with group A(P＜0.05).3)The thymus index and sac-culus rotundus index were the highest in group E,and they were significantly or extremely significantly differ-ent from group A(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),but not significantly different from group B(P＞0.05).4)The con-tents of immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,immunoglobulin M,interleukin-10 and albumin,as well as the total antioxidant capacity in serum of group E were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those of group A(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),but there were no significant differences compared with group B(P＞0.05);for group E,serum alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were the lowest,which were significantly lower than those of group A(P＜0.05).On the basis of the above mentioned results,under the condition of this experiment,the appropriate amount of combined additives added to the diet of commercial meat rabbits is 2.0 kg/t tributyl glyceride+1.0％potassium formate+400 g/t essential oil.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(9):5924-5934]
基金项目
山西农业大学科技创新提升工程项目(CXGC202408)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-43-B-3)
万方数据