Biological Functions of γ-Aminobutyric Acid and Its Application in Animal Production
γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA),also known as 3-carboxypropylamine,4-aminobutyric acid or piper-idinic acid,is a non-protein amino acid widely present in plants and animals with good water solubility and heat stability.GABA plays an important role in inhibiting neurotransmitters in the central nervous system and regula-ting metabolism of animals.Multiple studies have shown that GABA has strong anticonvulsant,anti-anxiety,anti-stress,anti-muscle relaxation and sedative effects;GABA can promote growth hormone secretion and brain protein synthesis and improve antioxidant capacity,reproductive performance and immune function,and so on.GABA in the intestinal tract can promote the length of jejunum villi,and improve the secretion of gastric acid and digestive juices.In the liver,GABA can regulate the storage of three major nutrients and promote the secretion of insulin and maintain the normal liver function.GABA can be obtained from food or synthesized by decarboxylation of glutamate by glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD),followed by an irreversible reaction cat-alyzed by GABA transaminase and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase to produce succinate,which ulti-mately enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle.In this paper,on the basis of relevant researches at home and abroad,the structure and synthesis of GABA,the metabolic pathway,and the biological functions of GABA including promoting appetite,regulating intestinal function,enhancing immune function,improving antioxidant capaci-ty,regulating islet metabolism and hepatic function,and mitigating oxidative stress,as well as its application in swine,poultry,ruminant animals and aquaculture were reviewed so as to provide reference for its applica-tion in animal production.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(11):6903-6916]
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维普
