Research Progress on Mechanisms of Plant Extracts in Modulating Animal Immune Functions
Plant extracts are bioactive substances with unique functional groups,typically including polysaccha-rides,polyphenolic compounds,alkaloids,saponins and alcohols.They play significant roles in immune modu-lation,anti-cancer,antioxidant,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities.Current research in-dicates that the immune modulation mechanisms of plant extracts primarily involve signaling pathways mediated by Toll-like receptors(TLRs),arachidonic acid(AA)and phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K).However,due to the diversity in the components and chemical structures of plant extracts,their biological effects on livestock and poultry exhibit substantial differences.Additionally,the interactions and connections between these signa-ling pathways remain unclear,making the mechanisms of plant extract-mediated immune regulation complex.Therefore,this paper systematically explores the mechanisms by which plant extracts modulate animal immune functions and reviews the interrelationships among different signaling pathways,providing scientific evidence and theoretical support for the application of plant extracts in enhancing animal immune function,alleviating immune stress and preventing and treating immune-related diseases.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2024,36(12):7613-7625]
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