大学化学2024,Vol.39Issue(11) :374-377.DOI:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202402049

超共轭效应对乙烷、肼和过氧化氢的稳定性与稳定构象的影响

Influence of Hyperconjugation on the Stability and Stable Conformation of Ethane,Hydrazine,and Hydrogen Peroxide

许家喜 麻远
大学化学2024,Vol.39Issue(11) :374-377.DOI:10.3866/PKU.DXHX202402049

超共轭效应对乙烷、肼和过氧化氢的稳定性与稳定构象的影响

Influence of Hyperconjugation on the Stability and Stable Conformation of Ethane,Hydrazine,and Hydrogen Peroxide

许家喜 1麻远2
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作者信息

  • 1. 北京化工大学化学学院,北京 100029
  • 2. 清华大学化学系,北京 100084
  • 折叠

摘要

乙烷、肼与过氧化氢分别是同周期元素与氢组成的、结构相似的三种物质,但它们的稳定性却依次明显减弱,且稳定构象也不相似,现行教材中没有很好地解释造成它们稳定性和稳定构象不同的原因.本文通过分析n-σ*的超共轭效应为这三种物质稳定性的变化规律提供了一种可能的解释,同时,也解释了肼和过氧化氢不以对位交叉构象存在的原因.将超共轭效应拓展到了解释无机物稳定性和稳定构象上.

Abstract

Ethane,hydrazine,and hydrogen peroxide are three structurally similar substances composed of the elements from the same period with hydrogen,respectively.However,their stability significantly decreases in a sequential manner,and their stable conformations are also dissimilar.These differences have not been explained adequately in the current textbooks.This article provides a possible explanation for the variation in stability among these substances by analyzing their n-σ* hyperconjugation.Additionally,it elucidates the absence of anti-conformation in hydrazine and hydrogen peroxide.The hyperconjugation theory is extended to illustrate and to discuss stability and stable conformation of inorganic compounds.

关键词

乙烷//过氧化氢/稳定性/构象/超共轭效应

Key words

Ethane/Hydrazine/Hydrogen peroxide/Stability/Conformation/Hyperconjugation

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出版年

2024
大学化学
北京大学 中国化学会

大学化学

影响因子:0.636
ISSN:1000-8438
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