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转动杆上黏性流体承载量的探究

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转动一根裹有黏性流体(如蜂蜜)的杆,杆上可以保留部分液体不滴落.针对此现象,之前理论研究大多基于N-S方程求解,无法直观解释现象发生的物理机理.本文在理论上创新性地采用类似量纲分析的方法,通过受力分析,避免了复杂冗长的流体力学方程求解,得到了由重力、黏性力、离心力、表面张力共同作用、交互主导的简洁理论模型;实验上,通过搭建稳定装置及合理控制变量,得到自洽的实验数据.理论分析与实验结果吻合度高,直观解释了转动杆上黏性流体不滴落的物理本质与关键因素.
On the capacity of viscous fluid on rotating rod
By turning a rod covered with a viscous liquid(e.g..honey),some of the liquid can be retained on the rod without dripping.For this phenomenon,most previous theories are based on the N-S equations,which can-not clearly explain the physical mechanisms of the phenomenon.In this paper,a simple theoretical model of the phenomenon dominated by viscous force,centrifugal force,gravity and surface tension is obtained through a simple force analysis and a method similar to dimensional analysis,which avoids the complex and lengthy solution of the hydrodynamic equations;Experimentally,self-consistent experimental data are obtained through the construction of a stable device and reasonable control of variables.The experimental results are in good contrast with the theory,and the physical mechanisms and key factors of the non-dripping of viscous liquid on the rotating rod are explained intuitively.The theoretical analysis is in good agreement with the experimental results,and the physical nature and key factors for the non-dripping of viscous liquids on rotating rods are explained intuitively.

fluid mechanicscoating flowviscous liquidsurface tensioncentrifugal effect

秦毅轩、顾逸琳、罗家丽、夏成杰、张杰、王春梅

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华东师范大学物理与电子科学学院,上海 200241

流体力学 涂层流 黏性流体 表面张力 离心作用

2024

大学物理
中国物理学会

大学物理

影响因子:0.333
ISSN:1000-0712
年,卷(期):2024.43(3)
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