φ52 mm CdTe polycrystal is prepared using the multi-temperature zone swing furnace swing method,and the influence of different charging methods and temperature processes on the surface state of the crystal sample was studied in depth.CdTe crystal belongs to the cubic crystal system and has a sphalerite structure.As the number of charging layers increases,the temperature rise in the first reaction temperature fluctuation zone increases from 172℃to 278℃,and the temperature change rate increases from 27.6℃/min to 75.9℃/min.It shows that as the number of charging layers increases,the reaction rate between Te and Cd also increases significantly,and the exothermic reaction between the two causes the first reaction temperature fluctuation zone.As the temperature decreases from 0.35℃/min to 0.2℃/min,the surface condition of the sample is significantly improved,and the number of surface holes is greatly reduced or even disappeared,which is beneficial to the subsequent further processing of CdTe polycrystalline.