Geochemical Baseline Determination,Pollution Source Identification and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Orchard Soils of the Origin of "Bee-Sugar Plums"
The evaluation of heavy metals in orchard soil is crucial for the environmental quality of orchards. This study focuses on the soil of Liuma Town,Buyi and Miao Autonomous County,Zhenning,Guizhou Province,which is the original production area of bee sugar plum. The content of heavy metals As,Ni,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Zn,and Pb in the samples was determined by ICP-MS,and the geochemical baseline values of the study area were analyzed using standardization and relative cumulative frequency methods. The potential ecological pollution hazard index method was adopted to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals in the orchard soil,and the PCA and PMF models were utilized to explore the sources and contribution rates of heavy metals. Results show that the average content of As,Ni,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Zn,and Pb in the soil of the original production area of bee sugar plum was 14.63,32.21,0.21,60.58,35.42,0.07,85.73,and 24.51 mg·kg-1,respectively,which were 0.73,0.82,0.32,0.63,1.11,0.64,0.86,and 0.70 times the soil background values in Guizhou Province. The geochemical baseline values of the above-mentioned heavy metals are 14.565,30.649,0.184,58.452,34.228,0.060,85.728,and 24.017 mg·kg-1,respectively. The risk level shows that the heavy metal Hg belongs to moderate ecological risk,while the other seven heavy metals are mild ecological risk. The above-mentioned heavy metals in the surface soil mainly come from combustion,natural processes,agricultural activities,mining activities,atmospheric deposition and irrigation composite sources,and transportation,which account for 15.51％,19.40％,13.82％,8.62％,28.31％,and 14.33％,respectively. The main sources are atmospheric deposition and irrigation composite sources. This research can provide scientific reference for soil conservation and the establishment of soil environmental quality evaluation standards in the original production area of bee sugar plums.
"bee-sugar plums"orchardsoil heavy metalsgeochemical baselinepollution assessmentsource parsingLiuma TownGuizhou Province
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