External Crisis,Government Support and the Second Transformation of Russian Agriculture
At the outset of the collapse of the Soviet Union,Russian reformers initiated a comprehensive restructuring of the country's agricultural sector.This entailed the privatization of farmland,the reform of the ownership system of state-owned and collective farms,and the withdrawal of the state from the management of agriculture.The first round of transformation of Russian agriculture commenced and concluded in the 1990s.The most notable outcome was the advent of medium-sized private farms.However,this did not result in a resurgence of agricultural production or a revitalization of the rural economy.Instead,agricultural output declined considerably,necessitating the importation of substantial quantities of meat,milk,and sugar.Consequently,food security has emerged as a pivotal social and political concern in Russia.With Vladimir Putin becoming the country's leader at the beginning of the 21 st century,Russia embarked on the second agricultural transformation,which remains ongoing.In this transformation,the government re-engaged with agriculture and facilitated the establishment of new large-scale production entities as a means of addressing food security concerns.Currently,Russian agriculture has undergone a notable revitalization,with substantial improvements in food self-sufficiency,and the country has become a prominent agricultural exporter in the international market.The emergence and growth of large-scale production entities,namely agricultural holdings,represents a pivotal aspect of the second wave of agricultural transformation in Russia.The opportunities presented by various external crises,as well as the Russian government's preference for and support of large agricultural production entities,are pivotal factors in the ascendance of agricultural holding companies.These companies are the cornerstone of Russia's trajectory towards becoming a prominent agricultural country.As China and Russia's agricultural cooperation continues to intensify,it is imperative for domestic academia and industry to direct attention towards and undertake rigorous study of the phenomenon of Russian agricultural holding companies.China is exploring the path to become a strong agricultural country,and the experience and lessons learned by Russian agricultural holdings during their growth process are of significant reference value.
Russian Agricultural TransformationRussian Agricultural HoldingsExternal CrisisGovernment Support
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