Research advances of immunotherapy for gastric cancer
Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most prevalent malignant neoplasms in the world.Due to mild and often unnoticed early symptoms and a low screening rate,most patients are diagnosed at a locally advanced or a late stage with poor outcomes.In recent years,immunotherapy has made significant headways in the treatment of GC,particularly for those with unresectable tumors and recurrent metastases.It has emerged as a valuable additional option for patients after surgery,chemoradiotherapy and targeted therapy.With a deeper understanding of tumor immunology,theoretical mechanisms of immunotherapy are continuously refined.A series of clinical studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors of programmed death protein-1 and programmed death protein ligand-1 have demonstrated promising efficacy for GC.And immunotherapy is gradually transforming the therapeutic paradigm of GC.This review summarized the latest researches of immunotherapy for GC through elucidating the mechanisms of immunotherapy,examining the utility of programmed death protein ligand-1 protein expression assay in identifying potential beneficiaries of immunotherapy and evaluating the applications of immunotherapy for advanced and progressive GC.
Gastric cancerImmunotherapyProgrammed death protein-1Programmed death protein ligand-1
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