Evolutions and current status of laparoscopic skill assessment tools
An objective measurement of surgical outcome quality has long been a daunting challenge for researchers.Technical skill of a surgeon is a crucial influencing factor of clinical outcomes.Assessing surgical skills is not only vital for education,training and professional growth of surgeons but also has profound implications for enhancing surgical quality,ensuring patient safety and advancing medicine.Gradually the assessment of surgical skills has evolved from an initial experiential evaluation model by panels of surgical experts to a data-based objective assessment tool model,including global rating scales,procedure-specific assessment tools and error-based evaluation instruments.In recent years,with a growing integration of medical and engineering fields,some automated assessment tools equipped with automatic recognition capabilities have started to emerge.This article summarized the development,current status,advantages and limitations of different types of laparoscopic skill assessment tools in conjunctions with a literature review.