In view of the large energy consumption of rural self-built houses and the high cost of natural gas heating in winter,taking rural residential buildings in Shijiazhuang area of Hebei Province as an example,the changes of building energy consumption are analyzed through the transformation of building envelope structure and the exploration of solar heating utilization.The results show that building energy consumption can be reduced by reforming the building envelope.Adding glass curtain wall to the south wall of the building can improve the efficiency of solar heating,which can further reduce the energy consumption of building heating.After analyzing the influence degree of different factors on building energy consumption by orthogonal experiment method,it is found that after adding glass curtain wall to the south wall of the building,adding insulation layer to the other three sides of the wall has significant influence on the cold and heat load of the building.The window on the glass curtain wall has the greatest influence on the cooling load in summer.Shading can effectively reduce the indoor cooling load in summer,and has little influence on the heating in winter.The glass type has little influence on the building load,proposing the optimal reconstruction scheme of rural housing in Shijiazhuang area.