Rethink the Genesis of the Category of Surplus-value:From the Perspective of the Critique of the History of Political Economy
In his critique of the historical literature in the 1861-1863 Economic Manuscripts,Marx examined the process of discovery and the levels of understanding of the category of surplus-value,and scientifically abstracted the pure form of surplus-value from the inherent contradiction of the development from classical economics to vulgar economics,and from the apparent opposition between the labor theory of value and the realities of the capitalist economy.Through the concrete analysis of the origin,essence and transformation of surplus-value,the ways of actualization of the laws of the capitalist economy and its historical limits are revealed,and it is clarified that the antagonistic class contradiction is inherent in the capitalist mode of production.In order to fully explain the intrinsic connection between the historical form of the account of the history of economics and the structural system of the Capital,and to correctly understand the necessity of theoretically elucidating the laws of the capitalist economy and historically articulating its ideal form as an organic whole,it is necessary to profoundly grasp the theoretical nature of Marx's study of the historical literature as a turning point in the development of his thought.
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