The Triple "Ferry" in Modern Western Philosophy of Subject——On the Problems of English Translation in the "Introduction" to Oneself as Another
In Oneself as Another,Ricœur elaborates a new theory of the subject,in order to break away from the dilemmas of the traditional Western philosophy of the subject.Descartes' philosophy of Cogito,Nietzsche's philosophy of anti-Cogito,and Ricœur's hermeneutics of the self,each of these three main forms of modern Western philosophy of the subject demonstrates the triple "ferry" of the subject:from "I think" to "I am,""I speak" to "I am not," and "I can" to "I am" (i.e.,from "self" to "other").From I can,who can,to the all-personal self can:who can speak,act,narrate,and be ethically and morally responsible for its own behavior,Ricœur's philosophy of self is distinct from both the philosophy of cogito in Descartes,Hegel,and Husserl,and that of anti-cogito in Nietzsche,Heidegger,Merleau-Ponty,and Levinas.This paper seeks to reconstruct and interrogate the triple "ferry" of the subject from a fourth-party perspective,in particular to analyze the theoretical gains and losses of Ricœur's hermeneutics of the self,emphasizing that the notion of "action" in Ricœur's philosophy of the new subject has yet to be further developed (cf.Marx),and the vital dimension of the new subject is also missing (cf.Foucault).At the same time,this paper tries to explore the four English translation problems in the preface of the English translation of his work Oneself as Another based on his translation theory,and practice another kind of "ferrying" from "untranslatable" to "translatable" in order to further deepen the theoretical implication of Ricœur's new subjective philosophy.
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