In order to explore the effects of media and treatment time on surface color of moso bamboo timber, soybean oil, paraffin wax, heat conducting oil, polydimethylsiloxane and air were used as heating medium to treat moso bamboo timber under 200℃ for 0.5 to 8 hours, the surface color, including ΔL?,Δa?,Δb?,ΔE?, before and after heat treatment was characterized according to CIE 1976—L?a?b? system. It was found that both heat treatment media and time have significant effect on the surface color of bamboo timber, effects of different medium on surface color were different with the same treatment time, ΔE? of bamboo heat-treated with media of oybean oil, paraffin wax, heat conducting oil and polydimethylsiloxane were 1.37 to 2.10 times than that of hot air. As heat treatment time prolonged, the absolute value ofΔL?,Δb?andΔE?increased, however, the trend ofΔa?differed from hot air and other media.