Based on seven DNA maekers (plastid gene rbcL,matK,trnL-F,psbA-trnH,trnS-trnG and nuclear gene Xdh and ITS),and a broad sampling of Orchidaceae,generic demimitation and phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Orchideae from China were assessed.In our results,the China Orchideae was divied into 3 subtrib,which included Coryciinae,Satyriinae and Orchidinae,and the subtribes were subdivided into 19 genera.The Satyriinae and Oryciinae are single-species genera.The Orchidinae could be divied into 17 genera that was Ponerorchis,Siridhornia,Galearis,Orchis,Platanthera,Shizhenia,Dactylorhiza,Herminium,Gnennaria,Hsenhsua,Hemipilia,Brachycorythis,Diplomeris,Gymnadenia,Habenaria,Pecteilis,and Peristylus.