摘要
为了掌握樟树枝枯病病原生物学特性,筛选出林间防治有效的杀菌剂,于2020-2021年在福建农林大学森林保护研究所,以强致病力病原菌株可可毛色二孢(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)JY-6菌株为研究对象,进行病原生物学特性和杀菌药剂室内抑菌效果测定.结果表明,JY-6菌株菌丝以PDA培养基(pH 5.0)、30 ℃全光照恒温培养生长最快,最适碳、氮源分别为蔗糖、硝酸铵;菌株分生孢子以PDA培养基(pH 6.0～7.0)、30℃恒温培养萌发率最高,最适碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖、硝酸铵,萌发率的高低与相对湿度呈正相关,水滴中培养6 h萌发率高达92.63％,但受光照条件的影响不显著;筛选出精甲·咯菌腈、多菌灵、吡醚·甲硫灵、氟硅唑和戊唑醇等室内抑菌效果较好的杀菌剂,EC50、EC90分别介于0～0.1、0～5 mg· L-1之间,尤以精甲·咯菌腈(EC50、EC90分别为0.008、0.058 mg·L-1)抑菌效果最佳.研究结果可为樟树枝枯病的病害野外监测和防治筛选提供参考.
Abstract
Cinnamomum camphora is a multipurpose native tree species resource in China,with great economic and ecological val-ue.Twig blight was a newly found branch disease in recent years,which seriously affected the healthy and sustainable development of C.camphora plantation.For the purpose of clarifying the biological characteristics and screening effective fungicides for field disease control experiment,biological characteristics of strain Lasiodiplodia theobromae JY-6 and effects of fungicides were taken in the la-boratory of Forest Protection Research Institute of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University in 2020-2021.The optimal conditions for mycelium growth of strain JY-6 were potato dextrose agar(pH 5.0)cultivated at 30 ℃ with all-day illumination,while conidi-um germination was optimal on potato dextrose agar medium(pH 6.0～7.0)at 30 ℃.The optimal carbon sources for mycelium growth and conidium germination were saccharose and glucose,respectively,while the suitable nitrogen source for both was ammoni-um nitrate.Conidium germination had a positively correlation with relative humidity,but wasn't significantly affected by illumination conditions.Fungicides such as Metalaxyl-M fludioxonil,Carbendazim,Pyrazole methionine,metriaxyl,Flusilazole and Tebuconazole that chosen,with EC50 and EC90 between 0～0.1 mg·L-1and 0～5 mg·L-1 respectively,had obvious inhibitory effect on strain JY-6 indoor,especially Metalaxyl-M fludioxonil(EC50=0.008 mg·L-1,EC90=0.058 mg·L-1).In this study,biological char-acteristics of strain JY-6 were clarified,and fungicides with better inhibitory effect were screening,which would lay a foundation for the monitoring,prediction and fungicides screening outdoor of this disease.
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