[目的]研究氮、磷、钾不同施肥量配比对加工型辣椒产量和品质的影响，明确加工型辣椒高产、优质的氮、磷、钾适宜施用量配比，为加工型辣椒合理施肥提供依据。[方法]采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次饱和D-最优设计，以加工型辣椒品种明椒9号为供试材料，建立氮、磷、钾施肥量编码值与产量、加工品质的效应函数。[结果]氮、磷、钾肥对辣椒产量和加工品质的影响显著，均表现为钾肥＞磷肥＞氮肥，表明钾是影响辣椒产量和加工品质的重要因素。单因子效应分析表明，当氮、磷、钾肥的最高施用量分别为151。10、59。28、306。78 kg·hm-2时，辣椒产量达到最高;当氮、磷、钾肥的最高施用量分别为148。59、59。34、291。66 kg hm-2时，辣椒加工品质达到最佳。互作效应中，氮磷、氮钾、磷钾互作对辣椒产量和加工品质影响显著，两者配施对辣椒产量和加工品质的提高具有较强的促进作用。模型寻优表明，辣椒产量超过29000kg·hm-2，在95％置信区间，氮、磷、钾肥适宜施用量分别为109。24～174。43、44。40～78。95、213。85～287。95 kg·hm-2;辣椒品质综合评分在80分以上，在95％置信区间，氮、磷、钾肥适宜施用量分别为63。08～115。23、42。26～72。50、211。23～292。23 kg·hm-2。[结论]辣椒产量达29000 kg·hm-2、加工品质综合评分达80分以上的施肥方案为氮肥109。24～115。23 kg·hm-2，磷肥44。40～72。50 kg·hm-2，钾肥213。85～287。95 kg·hm-2，适宜的氮、磷、钾肥施用量比例约为1。00～1。05∶0。41～0。6∶1。96～2。64。
NPK Fertilization Optimized for Cultivating Chili Peppers for Processing
[Objective]NPK fertilization to maximize the yield and quality of chili peppers for processing was formulated.[Method]An experiment of quadratic saturation D-optimal design with three factors of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium was applied to optimize the formulation targeted to maximize the yield and quality of Mingjiao 9 chili peppers for further processing.[Result]Significant effects on chili pepper yield and processing quality were found to be K＞P＞N.The optimal amount of N,P2O5,K2O was 151.10,59.28,306.78 kg·hm-2 to reach the greatest yield,and 148.59,59.34,291.66 kg·hm-2 to achieve the most desirable quality.The combinations of N and P,N and K,and P and K also exerted significant enhancing effects on the chili pepper yield and quality.The optimized fertilizations with a predicted yield exceeding 29,000 kg·hm 2 at 95％confidence level called for the application N,P2O5,and K2O at 109.24-174.43 kg·hm-2,44.40-78.95 kg·hm-2,and 213.85-287.95 kg·hm-2,respectively,while for a score above 80 on overall chili pepper quality,the application of 63.08-115.23 kg·hm-2,42.26-72.50 kg·hm-2,and 211.23-292.23 kg·hm-2,respectively,were determined.[Conclusion]Experimentally optimized NPK fertilizations for chili pepper cultivation to provide a yield of 29000 kg·hm-2 and a quality score of 80 or higher were formulated.To accomplish the goal on yield as well as quality,the formulation would include the ranges of 109.24-115.23 kg·hm-2 on N,44.40-72.50 kg·hm-2 on P2O5,and 213.85-287.95 kg·hm-2 on K2O with a N∶P2O5∶K2O ratio of 1-1.05∶0.41-0.6∶1.96-2.64.
Chili peppersnitrogen,phosphorus,and potassiumyieldprocessing quality
万方数据
维普
