摘要
目的 进行为期12 周的运动干预,探索瑜伽运动和健身操运动对改善老年人体成分和体适能效果的影响.方法 以66 老年人为研究对象,对照组21 人,瑜伽组25 人,健身操组24 人,实验前后分别测试有氧适能、柔韧适能、力量适能、平衡适能和体成分.结果 12 周干预后:瑜伽组去脂体重、肌肉量改善程度具有显著性(P＜0.05);瑜伽组六分钟走、30 秒椅子站坐、椅子坐位体前屈和八英尺走,改善程度具有显著性(P＞0.05);30 秒屈臂举和四步平衡改善程度具有非常显著性(P＜0.01).健身操组去脂体重、肌肉量、体脂肪量、腰围和腰臀比改善程度具有显著性(P＜0.05);健身操组六分钟走、30 秒屈臂举和八英尺走改善程度具有非常显著性(P＜0.05);30 秒站坐改善程度具有非常显著性(P＜0.01).结论 瑜伽和健身操均能改善改善老年人体成分和体适能水平.但瑜伽对于柔韧和平衡的改善效果优于健身操;健身操对于肌肉和体成分的改善效果优于瑜伽.
Abstract
Objective To conduct a 12 week exercise intervention and explore the effects of yoga and fitness exercises on improving the body composition and physical fitness of the elderly.Method 66 elderly people were selected as the research subjects,with a control group of 22 people,a yoga group of 22 people,and a fitness exercise group of 22 people.Aerobic fitness,flexibility fitness,strength fitness,balance fitness,and body composition were tested before and after the experiment.Results After 12 weeks of intervention,there was a significant improvement in weight loss and muscle mass in the yoga group(P＜0.05);The yoga group showed significant improvement in six minute walking,30 second chair standing,chair sitting forward bending,and eight foot walking(P＞0.05);The improvement of 30 second arm flexion and four step balance was very significant(P＜0.01).The fitness exercise group showed significant im-provements in weight loss,muscle mass,body fat mass,waist circumference,and waist hip ratio(P＜0.05);The improvement degree of six minute walking,30 second arm bending and lifting,and eight foot walking in the fitness exercise group was very significant(P＜0.05);The improvement degree of standing and sitting for 30 seconds is very significant(P＜0.01)Conclusion Both yoga and aerobics can improve the body composition and fitness level of the elderly.But yoga has a better effect on improving flexibility and balance than aerobics;Fitness exercises have a better effect on improving muscles and body composition than yoga.
维普
万方数据