摘要
粉末冶金技术是一门制造金属粉末、合金粉末、非金属粉末、化合物粉末,或者上述粉末为原料经过成形、烧结制造材料或制品的技术.由于金属粉末在制备过程容易吸附氧而发生氧化,在烧结过程中不易充分脱氧,而且随着合金化元素的开发与利用,化学性质活泼的合金元素容易与氧元素结合,增加了脱氧的难度,使得粉末冶金材料容易出现氧含量超标的情况,严重影响粉末冶金材料的性能.本文探讨了氧含量对各金属及合金制备过程、力学性能等方面的影响,并介绍了部分金属在粉末冶金过程中的氧含量控制方法.着重介绍了铁基粉末冶金材料、钛及钛合金粉末冶金材料、铜合金、难熔金属钨钼粉末冶金材料的氧含量控制研究进展,对目前的研究现状进行总结并展望了其未来的发展趋势.
Abstract
Powder metallurgy technology is a scientific technology manufacturing metal powders,alloy powders,non-metallic powders,compound powders,or materials or products made from these powders through forming and sintering.As the metal powder in the preparation process is easy to adsorb oxygen and oxidation,in the sintering process is not easy to fully deoxidise,and with the development and use of alloying elements,chemically active alloying elements are easy to combine with oxygen elements,increasing the difficulty of deoxidisation,so that powder metallurgy materials are prone to oxygen content exceeding the standard,which seriously affects the per-formance of powder metallurgy materials.This paper discusses the influence of oxygen content on the prepara-tion process and mechanical properties of various metals and alloys,and introduces the methods of controlling the oxygen content of some metals in the powder metallurgy process.It focuses on the research progress of oxy-gen content control of iron-based powder metallurgical materials,titanium and titanium alloy powder metallurgi-cal materials,copper alloys,refractory metal tungsten and molybdenum powder metallurgical materials,and sum-marises the current status of the research and looks forward to the development trend of its future.
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