摘要
小流域山洪灾害常年发生,严重影响着人民群众的生命财产安全.为推进小流域山洪灾害防御工作,依照水利业务预报、预警、预演、预案"四预"技术要求和小流域防洪短板,梳理"基础信息设施-孪生平台-四预体系"为主线的小流域山洪灾害系统架构,结合浙江省典型山丘区下管溪小流域,通过山洪灾害"风险识别、风险研判、风险管控和风险处置"流程,从信息基础设施补充建设、模型库建设、"四预"功能完善等方面探讨平台关键技术和主要功能.结果表明:"四预"平台能够实现对小流域雨水情的实时监控、提前发现山洪风险、提前发布预警和风险闭环管控.该平台可为小流域的管理和提升山洪灾害防御能力、保障小流域人民生命财产安全起到重要作用.
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of flash flood disasters in small watersheds has been posing great threats to the safe-ty of people's lives and property.In order to promote the prevention of small watershed disasters,a small watershed flash flood disaster system architecture with the main line of ＂basic information infrastructure-twin platform-FEDE(four functions of forecast,early warning,drill and emergency plan)＂has been proposed in accordance with the technical requirements of FEDE in water conservancy business and the shortcomings of small watersheds in flood control.Based on the Xiaguanxi small watershed of typical hilly areas in Zhejiang Province,focusing on the process of＂risk identifica-tion,risk assessment,risk control,and risk disposal＂,a FEDE system has been constructed using key technologies such as information infrastructure supplementary construction,model base construction,and four pre platform improve-ment.The results show that the platform can achieve real-time monitoring,early detection of risks,early issuance of warnings,and closed-loop risk control of the Xiaguanxi small watershed,providing technical support for the manage-ment and high-quality development of small watersheds.
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