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数据爬取不正当竞争认定的反思及路径重构

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数据爬取是近些年才成熟的技术,其天然的技术中立性使得爬取行为亦具有竞争中性之属性.数据爬取以互联网为依托,而互联网领域跨界竞争乃为常态,这便对传统竞争关系认定理念造成冲击.同时,数字科技这一新兴领域的商业道德标准模糊,使得正当性认定标准难以统一.司法裁判理念亦未完全革新,涌现出许多类案不同判的现象.基于此,应将"竞争关系"作实质性解读,即只要双方经营者之间的交易机会、竞争优势等存在此强彼弱的关联反应,便可以认定双方存在竞争关系.对于正当性认定,可将多元利益动态衡量作为基础框架,秉持谦抑干预理念,以比例原则作为主要进路,细化商业道德认定标准,分获取、使用两个阶段对行为正当性分别进行评判.只有统一司法认定标准,才能对不正当的数据爬取行为进行精准、有效规制.
Reflection and Path Reconstruction on Identification of Unfair Competition in Data Crawling
Data crawling is a technology that has only matured in recent years.Its natural technology neutrality makes crawling behavior also competitively neutral.Data crawling relies on the Internet,and cross-border compe-tition in the Internet field is the norm,which has an impact on the traditional concept of identifying competitive re-lationships.At the same time,business ethics standards in the emerging field of data are vague,making it diffi-cult to unify standards for legitimacy determination.The concept of judicial adjudication has not been completely reformed,and many similar cases have been adjudicated differently.Based on this,the"competition relation-ship"should be interpreted in a substantive manner,that is,as long as there are strong and weak correlation re-actions between the business operators of both parties in terms of transaction opportunities and competitive advan-tages,it can be determined that the two parties have a competitive relationship.For the identification of legitima-cy,we can use the dynamic measurement of multiple interests as the basic framework,adhere to the concept of modest intervention,use the principle of proportionality as the main approach,refine the standards for identifica-tion of business ethics,and judge the legitimacy of behavior in two stages:acquisition and use.Only by unifying judicial identification standards can improper data crawling behaviors be accurately and effectively regulated.

data crawlingunfair competitioninterest measurementproportionality principlelegitimacy deter-mination

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武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉 430072

数据爬取 不正当竞争 利益衡量 比例原则 正当性认定

2024

东华理工大学学报(社会科学版)
东华理工大学

东华理工大学学报(社会科学版)

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.621
ISSN:1674-3512
年,卷(期):2024.43(2)