Onsite Detection of Volatile Organic Pollutants in Soil Samples by Portable Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Rapid detection of organic volatile compounds(VOCs)in soil is crucial for evaluating soil safety in different aspects including ecological environment,human health,and agricultural application.In this study,a portable analytical approach was developed for onsite detection of VOCs in soil by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-PGC-MS).Several typical VOCs including heptane,benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and bromobenzene were used to investigate and optimize the choice of SPME fiber,and it was found that the polydimethylsiloxane/divinyl benzene(PDMS/DVB)SPME fiber had the best enrichment effect.Furthermore,well-acceptable analytical performances including stability,sensitivity and quantitative detection of SPME-PGC-MS were obtained for detecting five typical VOCs.The relative standard deviations of the method were 4.79%-7.53%for parallel measurements(n=6),the limits of detection(LODs)and limits of quantification(LOQs)were found to be 2.81-3.89 μg/L and 9.37-12.97 μg/L,respectively,and the linear ranges of five VOCs were 5.0-100 μg/L with excellent correlation coefficient(R2>0.99).Furthermore,the presented SPME-PGC-MS method was successfully used for on-site detection of various VOCs from different real soil samples,showing that a variety of VOCs such as benzene,n-heptane,toluene,chlorobenzene and ethylbenzene were mainly generated from industrial pollution.The developed SPME-PGC-MS was a promising portable approach for onsite screening of VOCs in the soil in different applications.
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