首页|技艺和程序:刑法修正的检视——《刑法修正案(十二)》新增民企工作人员犯罪条款的展开

技艺和程序:刑法修正的检视——《刑法修正案(十二)》新增民企工作人员犯罪条款的展开

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《刑法修正案(十二)》将"国有公司、企业"等相关人员的规定适用于民营企业工作人员,需要根据平等原则进行必要的限缩解释.对于民营企业的平等保护应当侧重权利平等,而非单纯的义务平等,国家工作人员和民营企业工作人员所实施的相关行为在法益侵害性和人身危险性上存在差异,不应给予同等的刑法评价.《刑法修正案(十二)》新增关涉民营企业工作人员的犯罪条款是一种背信犯罪,但在刑法中不宜规定普通的背信罪,避免其成为口袋罪.如果一定要增加民营企业的背信犯罪,也应该放置于侵犯财产罪中,将其严格限定为侵犯财产权的犯罪.对于此类背信犯罪,如果得到股东事前承诺或事后追认,就可否定行为的犯罪性.新增的背信条款应当和公司法等前置法保持协调,避免刑法过度侵扰民商事领域.刑法修正是否还应该沿用以往的修订模式,应当慎重评估.
The provisions of the draft of the Criminal Law Amendment(12)on"state-owned companies,enterprises"and other relevant personnel apply to the staff of private enterprises without discrimination,contrary to the principle of equali-ty.The equal protection of private enterprises should focus on equality of rights rather than simple equality of obligations,and the relevant acts carried out by state functionaries and private enterprise staff should not be given the same criminal punishment evaluation if there are differences in legal infringement and personal danger.The new criminal provisions related to the staff of private enterprises in the draft are a crime of breach of trust,but it is not appropriate to stipulate ordinary crimes of breach of trust in the criminal law to avoid them becoming pocket crimes.If the crime of breach of trust by private enterprises must be increased,it should also be placed in the crime of property infringement,and it should be strictly limited to the crime of viola-ting property rights.Such a breach of trust offence can negate the criminality of the act if it is promised in advance or acknowl-edged by the shareholders afterwards.The newly added breach of trust clause should be coordinated with the Company Law and other previous laws to avoid excessive interference by criminal law in the civil and commercial fields.Whether the draft of the Criminal Law Amendment should continue the previous revision model should be carefully assessed.

Criminal Law AmendmentCrime of Breach of TrustImpartiality

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中国政法大学

刑法修正案 背信犯罪 平等原则

中国政法大学校级基金

20ZFD82001

2024

法学评论
武汉大学

法学评论

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.308
ISSN:1004-1303
年,卷(期):2024.42(1)
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