首页|新《公司法》股东失权制度之检讨——兼论相关司法解释之制定

新《公司法》股东失权制度之检讨——兼论相关司法解释之制定

扫码查看
新《公司法》创立的股东失权制度旨在维系公司资本真实,督促认缴股东按时出资.虽有诸多亮点,但基于相关者利益影响分析和行动者反应测试,该制度面临规范与实施两个维度八项主要问题:对于失权股东、其他股东、公司及公司债权人而言,临界失权可能导致股东同时丧失控制权能、按比例补缴必然冲击公司股权结构、失权股东对公司的责任不明、公司债权人利益也被一定程度忽略;预判制度实施后的市场主体反应,存在规则屏蔽规则、规则架空规则、规则悬浮空置、规则目的落空等具体风险.究其根源,新《公司法》股东失权制度是等比例失权,其消解了制度的惩罚性.合同解除之民法逻辑,与股权及公司等商事关系的不适配由此暴露出来.通过新《公司法》司法解释明确股东欠资的多种应对路径并引导公司自治方向,辅以董事勤勉忠实义务压实董事责任,可一定程度缓解上述困境.
s:The new"Company Law"establishes the system of equity loss to maintain the authenticity of company cap-ital and urge the subscribed shareholders to make contributions on time.Although there are many bright spots,based on Rele-vant subject impact analysis and actor response testing,the system faces eight major problems in two dimensions,regulation and implementation.For equity loss shareholders,other shareholders,the company and the company creditors,the critical loss of rights may cause the shareholders to lose control power,the proportional payment will impact the company's equity struc-ture,the responsibility of equity loss shareholders is unclear,and the interests of the company's creditors are ignored to a cer-tain extent.There are also some specific risks in predicting the reaction of market subjects after the implementation,such as rule shielding rule,rule overhead rule,rule suspension vacancy,rule purpose failure,etc.The root cause of the problems is equity loss system established by the new Company Law is equal proportional loss,which dispels the punishment of the sys-tem.The civil law logic of rescission of contract is not suitable for commercial relations such as equity rights and companies.Through the judicial interpretation of the new Company Law,the dilemma can be alleviated to a certain extent by clarifying va-rious ways to deal with the shareholder's failure to pay contributions and guiding the autonomy of the company,supplemented by the duty of diligence and loyalty of directors to the responsibilities of directors.

New Company LawEquity LossTermination of ContractPunitivenessJudicial Interpretation

王红霞

展开 >

中南大学法学院

新《公司法》 股东失权 合同解除 惩罚性 司法解释

2024

法学评论
武汉大学

法学评论

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.308
ISSN:1004-1303
年,卷(期):2024.42(3)
  • 63