摘要
中华人民共和国成立以后,淮河流域水旱灾害仍时有发生.1949-2012 年发生较重水灾的年份有1950年、1954年、1956年、1957年、1963年、1974年、1975年、1991年、2003年、2007年,发生较重旱灾的年份有 1959-1961年、1966-1967 年、1976-1978年、1986-1988年、1991-1992年、1994年、2000-2001年.其间,水旱灾害呈现出水灾频次减弱而旱灾逐渐加剧、多水旱交替或连年发生、造成的损失巨大、与污染灾害叠加等特点.淮河流域水旱灾害的产生及其多样化特点,系由气候变化、黄河夺淮长期影响等自然因素与不合理的水利兴修、农业垦殖活动以及水事纠纷的扩大等社会因素共同作用的结果.
Abstract
After the establishment of the People's Republic of China,water and drought disasters still occurred from time to time in the Huai River Basin.The years of severe floods from 1949 to 2012 include 1950,1954,1956,1957,1963,1974,1975,1991,2003,and 2007.The years of severe drought include 1959-1961,1966-1967,1976-1978,1986-1988,1991-1992,1994,and 2000-2001.During this period,water and drought disasters have shown characteristics such as a decrease in the frequency of floods and a gradual intensification of droughts,frequent alternations or consecutive occurrences of floods and droughts,significant losses caused,and overlapping with pollution disasters.The emergence and diversified characteristics of water and drought disasters in the Huai River Basin are the result of natural factors such as climate change,the long-term impact of the Yellow River on the Huai River,as well as social factors such as unreasonable water conservancy construction,agricultural reclamation activities,and the expansion of water disputes
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