摘要
翻译研究最深刻的变革之一即为文化转向,这一转向就其内涵而言当为文化研究转向,即翻译研究系统借鉴了当代文化研究的方法和成果.而翻译研究的文化转向迄今已有30余年,面临着进一步的范式转型.如果深入文化转向代表人物如埃文-佐哈尔、勒菲弗尔、根茨勒的文化研究思想及其谱系,他们的翻译研究已经走向历史诗学领域,历史化转向是文化转向的应有之义和必然的演变取向.对这一思想演变的勾勒对翻译研究有着双重意义.在研究范式层面,基于微观动态交互的历史化范式理应取代具有社会历史决定论色彩的"操纵"理论.这让我们重新思考翻译和历史语境的关系、翻译与世界文学的关系、翻译的外部研究和内部研究的关系等重大译学命题.在学科史层面,勒菲弗尔等人通过翻译研究,甚至在格林布拉特、怀特等人之前提出了类似新历史主义或历史诗学的思想,翻译不仅仅是其他学科理论的受惠者,而是后者的建构者之一.
Abstract
As one of the most profound shifts in translation studies,cultural turn,in its connotation,is a turn to cultural studies.In other words,translation studies systematically draw on the theories and findings of contemporary cultural studies.The cultural turn in translation studies that was initiated more than thirty years ago,is facing a further paradigm shift.A review of the thoughts and their genealogy of the representative figures of the cultural turn,such as Itamar Even-Zohar,André Lefevere,and Edwin Gentzler,their research has already brought forth an inclination for historical poetics,and the historicization turn is the inevitable further development of the cultural turn.The outlining of this evolution in cultural turn has a double significance for translation studies.At the level of research paradigm,historicization based on micro-dynamic interaction should replace the theory of"manipulation"that implies socio-historical determinism,and it will lead us to rethink the relationship between translation and its historical contexts,the relationship between translation and world literature,the relationship between the external and internal research of translation,and other major questions of translation studies.At the level of the history of the discipline,Lefevere and Gentzler preceded Stephen Greenblatt,Hayden White and other new historians,in proposing thoughts similar to new historicism or historical poetics,in which translation is not only a beneficiary of the theories of other disciplines,but also one of the constructors of the latter.
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