In order to develop membrane materials with high efficiency filtration performance, this research prepared polyvinylidene fluoride ( PVDF) dendritic nanofiber membranes using hyperbranched quaternary ammonium salt ( HBP-HTC ) as a branching promoter based on electrostatic spinning technology in one step. The influence of the spinning process on the forming structure of the fiber membrane was explored. The mechanical properties of the dendritic nanofiber membrane were analyzed and its air filtration performance was measured. The results showed that the nanofiber membrane prepared with HBP -HTC has more dendritic structures than the membrance prepared with small molecule quaternary ammonium salts due to the abundant quaternary ammonium groups on the surface of HBP-HTC, which has a stable enrichment effect on charge. When the mass fraction of PVDF was 12%, the quaternary ammonium groups was 0. 1 mol/L, and the spinning voltage was 25 kV, the dendritic coverage of the fabricated fiber membranes was as high as 78. 32% and demonstrated good mechanical properties. The filtration efficiency of the prepared nanofiber membrane reached 99. 995%at the thickness of 40 μm, while the pressure drop is 122. 4 Pa.
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