Research process in metal-organic frameworks used in functional modification of fiber/fabrics
Significance Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have garnered extensive attention owing to their highly structural design,large specific surface area,and abundant porosity,which are now recognized as one of the most promising nanomaterials and are favored in many fields such as catalysis,gas storage and separation,energy storage,antibacterial,sensing,drug delivery,and hydrophobicity.Fiber/fabrics modified with MOFs as a matric material can greatly extend the application of MOFs to overcome MOFs poor processability,and create MOFs fiber/fabric composite materials with predetermined functions.In order to further improve the practicability and efficiency of functionalized fiber/fabric modified with MOFs,research process in the preparation and application of these modified fiber/fabrics is reviewed.Progress The processing of traditional polymeric fiber materials is to melt-extrude polymer slices and obtain the final product through a series of post-processing processes.However,in the process of combining MOFs nanomaterials with polymer fiber substrates,problems such as nanoparticle agglomeration and embedding are often encountered,which hinters their specific functions.Therefore,various new preparation processes have been developed in recent years to ensure that MOFs are uniformly dispersed on the fiber surface.Based on the synthesis process of fiber/fabric modified with MOFs,these methods can be classified into two categories,i.e.,the prefabrication method and in-situ method.The prefabrication method combines the pre-synthesized fiber/fabric with MOFs by blending or post-finishing,while the in-situ method introduces additional nucleation active sites on the surface of inert fiber/fabric and allow MOFs structures to grow on the fiber/fabric surface directly.The microscopic mechanisms and advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods are analyzed.In addition,the application of new technologies such as sorption-vapor method and fiber-intercepting-particle method in the preparation of fiber/fabric modified with MOFs is briefly described.The aforementioned methods for preparing MOFs fiber/fabric are widely used in various fields.For example,MOFs exhibit catalytic effect similar to that of metal oxidants,which can promote the decomposition of some toxic and harmful compounds.The polarization effect produced by MOFs can be used to adsorb particulate pollutants in the air and heavy metal ions in wastewater.Its high porosity structure and large specific surface make them suitable for drug delivery and the preparation of high-capacity energy storage electrodes.In addition,when MOFs are combined with fiber/fabrics,the contact with the reactants can be increased,thereby improving the reaction efficiency.Conclusion and Prospect MOFs modified fiber/fabric integrate the advantages of both MOFs and fabrics.The fabric/fiber substrate improves the deficiencies of MOFs stability,mechanical properties and functional durability,and MOFs also endow fiber/fabrics with multifunctionality.In addition,many MOFs can be prepared using low-cost solution methods,offering high cost-effectiveness.At present,however,most of the preparation and application of fiber/fabric modified with MOFs remain in the laboratory,and their industrialization and large-scale promotion are still restricted.At the same time,the preparation method of fiber/fabric modified with MOFs is usually complicated and cumbersome,and the reaction conditions are harsh.The molecular structure of the fabric substrate will be destroyed due to temperature and pressure,causing it to lose its original mechanical properties.The application of fiber/fabric modified with MOFs in many fields is also affected by factors such as preparation process and raw material cost.It will take some time for them to be promoted and applied on a large scale.In addition,there are still some limitations that need to be solved before these fiber/fabric samples can be applied,these including the precise control of pore size of MOFs to improve their separation performance,and improvement of the durability of MOFs modified fiber/fabrics against wear and wash.
metal-organic frameworktextile materialcatalystabsorption and separationmedical applicationsensing detectionenergy storage