首页|有组织的分散:我国同案同判的结构特征与理论反思

有组织的分散:我国同案同判的结构特征与理论反思

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同案同判既是一个规范性问题,也是一个经验性问题.针对股东知情权纠纷裁判的实证研究显示,在最高人民法院就特定法律问题表达的裁判观点具有模糊性的情况下,我国的同案同判呈现出"有组织的分散"这一结构特征.所谓"分散",是指同案同判的实现情况取决于形塑各级法院互动关系的具体情境,难以用地域、法院层级等单一因素统一衡量.司法实践中存在"择上而从""择众而从"和"基于个案"这三种在形式上基于省域划分的同案同判模式,并在省域之内形成以高级人民法院、中级人民法院为节点的地方法院裁判观点层级化分布态势.所谓"有组织",是指分散分布不是无序分布,最高人民法院仍然能够通过一定方式对地方法院的裁判观点实现宽泛的原则性把控.揭示我国同案同判的这一结构特征对于反思我国同案同判的价值理念等基本问题具有重要意义.
"Treating Like Cases Alike"is not only a normative issue,but also an empirical is-sue.Based on the empirical study on the disputes of shareholders'right to information,under the cir-cumstance that the judicial opinions made by Supreme People's Court on specific legal issues are vague,China's"Treating Like Cases Alike"presents the structural feature of"organized decentrali-zation".The so-called"decentralization"means that the realization of"Treating Like Cases A-like"depends on the specific situation that shapes the interactive relationship between courts at all levels,and it is difficult to measure it uniformly with a single factor such as region and court level.In practice,there are three modes of"Treating Like Cases Alike"formally based on the division of provinces,such as"choosing the superior and obeying","choosing the public and obeying"and"on a case-by-case basis",and a hierarchical distribution patterns of judicial opinions of local courts with high courts and intermediate courts as nodes is formed under the provinces.The so-called"organized"means that decentralized distribution is not disorderly distribution,and Supreme People's Court can still have broad principled control over the judicial opinions of lower courts in a certain way.It is of great significance to reveal this structural feature of China's"Treating Like Cases Alike"for rethinking the basic issues such as the value idea of"Treating Like Cases Alike"in Chi-na.

Treating Like Cases AlikeUniform Application of LawsSupreme People's CourtShareholders'Right to InformationRetrieval of Similar Cases

陈越瓯

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吉林大学法学院

同案同判 统一法律适用 最高人民法院 股东知情权 类案检索

国家社会科学基金重点项目

22AFX002

2024

法制与社会发展
吉林大学

法制与社会发展

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:2.707
ISSN:1006-6128
年,卷(期):2024.30(3)
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