The efficacy of comprehensive treatment for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its impact on peripheral blood PD-1,sE-cad and immune function
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of combined therapy on locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the effects on peripheral blood programmed death factor-1(PD-1),epithelial cadherin(sE-cad)and immune function.Methods 175 patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcino-ma were admitted to the Radiotherapy Department of Henan Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to June 2023.They were selected and divided into a comprehensive group(100 cases)and a control group(75 cases)based on different therapies.The control group received standard chemoradiotherapy,and the comprehensive group re-ceived immunotherapy in addition to the standard treatment.The tumor regression rate,incidence of adverse re-actions and overall efficacy were compared between the two groups.Additionally,changes in peripheral blood PD-1,sE-cad and immune indexes(including B cells,NK cells,and T cell subsets such as CD3+,CD4+,CD8+CD28+and CD4+/CD8+)before and after treatment were analyzed for both groups.Results The proportion of patients with an objective remission rate,disease control rate and tumor regression rate≥50%in the comprehen-sive group was higher than that in the control group.Additionally,the total incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the comprehensive group compared to the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).After treatment,the level of PD-1 in peripheral blood of the comprehensive group was significantly higher than that of the control group,while the level of sE-cad was significantly lower,showing statistical significance(P<0.05).Furthermore,the expression rate of B cells decreased in the comprehensive group,while the expression rate of NK cells and T cell subsets increased.In contrast,the expression rate of CD3+increased in the control group,and the expression rate of B cells,NK cells,CD4+,CD8+CD28+and CD4+/CD8+decreased in the control group.There were statistically significant differences in the changes of immune indicators between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive treatment of patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma is ef-fective.It can reduce the levels of PD-1 and sE-cad in the peripheral blood of patients,help improve the immune function of the body,delay the progression of the tumor,and have high safety.
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