Relationship between exhaled nitric oxide level and lung function,Th1/Th2 balance in children with recurrent respiratory tract infection
Objective To analyze the relationship between fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)levels and lung function,the balance of helper T cell-1(Th1)/helper T cell-2(Th2)(Th1/Th2)in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections.Methods 83 children with recurrent respiratory tract infections admitted to Xuancheng City Central Hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the study group,and 95 hospitalized children with common respiratory tract infections during the same period were selected as the control group.All subjects included in this study were tested for FeNO levels and lung function indicators includ-ing first second forced expiratory volume(FEV1),FEV1 to forced vital capacity ratio(FEV1/FVC),and peak expiratory flow rate(PEF)within 24 hours of admission.Th1 and Th2 cell levels were measured using a flow cytometer,and the Th1/Th2 ratio was calculated.Serum levels of γ-interferon(IFN-γ),and interleukin-4(IL-4)were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between groups.Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between FeNO levels and FEV1%,FEV1/FVC,PEF%,Th1/Th2 and the relationship between IFN-γ,IL-4 and FeNO,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,Th1/Th2 in children with recur-rent respiratory infections.Resluts The FeNO level in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group with a significant difference(P<0.05).The FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group with a significant difference(P<0.05).The level of peripheral blood Th2 cells in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group with a significant differ-ence(P<0.05).The levels of peripheral blood Th1 cells and Th1/Th2 in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group with a significant difference(P<0.05).Serum IFN-γ,IL-4 levels in children in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group with a significant difference(P<0.05).Corre-lation analysis showed that the level of FeNO in children with recurrent respiratory infections was negatively corre-lated with FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,and Th1/Th2(P<0.05).Serum IFN-γ and IL-4 levels were positively corre-lated with FeNO levels(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with FEV1,FEV1/FVC,PEF,and Th1/Th2 levels(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of FeNO in children with recurrent respiratory tract infections is significantly elevated.A high FeNO level is closely associated with reduced lung function and Th1/Th2 immune imbalance,which interact to jointly affect the development of recurrent respiratory tract infections in children.
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