Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy on locally advanced esophageal cancer and its influence on Sil-2R,IFN-γ and TSGF levels
Objective To investigate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with im-munotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC) and its effects on the levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor (Sil-2R),gamma-interferon (IFN-γ) and malignant tumor-specific growth factor (TSGF).Methods A total of 106 LAEC patients treated at Hefei Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Sci-ences,from March 2021 to July 2023 were selected.They were divided into an experimental group (n=53) and a control group (n=53) using a random number table method.The control group received neoadjuvant chemo-therapy,while the experimental group received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy.The clinical efficacy,adverse reactions,serum levels of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1),programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1),Sil-2R,IFN-γ and TSGF were compared before and after treatment in both groups.Results The objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the grade of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).After treatment,se-rum levels of PD-L1,PD-1,Sil-2R and TSGF in the experimental groups were lower than those in the control group,and serum levels of IFN-γ were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statisti-cally significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy can effec-tively reduce immune checkpoint activity in LAEC patients,enhance the body's immunity,promote the produc-tion of IFN-γ,and inhibit the production of Sil-2R and TSGF.It has shown good efficacy without increasing ad-verse reactions,making it a valuable option for clinical application.
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