摘要
通过对犯罪现场的指纹残留物所包含信息的分析可以推断作案人的行为轨迹以及留痕人的身份信息,如性别、年龄、健康状况、接触过某些物质或药物等.荧光纳米材料,如量子点、稀土上转换荧光纳米材料、荧光小分子等,可用于在多种客体上显现潜指纹.而且,通过纳米修饰技术将纳米材料表面功能化,可以进一步确定指纹残留物(如DNA、尼古丁、爆炸残留物等)的种类与含量.基于此,通过总结多种用于潜指纹可视化的荧光纳米材料,及纳米材料表面功能化修饰的方法,阐述了荧光纳米材料在检测不同潜指纹残留物方面的应用;最后,对荧光纳米材料在潜指纹检测领域的多功能化发展趋势进行总结与展望,以期有助于完善以证据为核心的刑事指控体系,为案件侦查提供更多线索和证据.
Abstract
By analyzing the information from the fingerprint residue at the crime scene,it is possible to infer the perpetrator's behavior trajectory and the identity information of the person leaving the trace,such as gen-der,age,health status,and exposure to certain substances or drugs.Fluorescent nanomaterials,such as quantum dots,rare earth up-conversion fluorescent nanomaterials,fluorescent small molecules,etc.,can be used to visualize latent fingerprints on various objects.Moreover,the surface of these nanomaterials can be functionalized through nano modification technology,which can further determine the types and contents of fingerprint residues,such as DNA,nicotine,explosive residues,etc.Based on this,various fluorescent nano-materials used for latent fingerprint visualization and their surface functionalization modification methods are reviewed,and the corresponding applications in detecting different latent fingerprint residues are also elucida-ted.Finally,the summary and prospect are provided on the multifunctional development trend of fluorescent nanomaterials in the field of latent fingerprint detection,which would be hoped to help improve the evidence based criminal accusation system and provide more clues and evidence for case investigation.
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