Dai Ji's Contribution to Modern Painting Chemical Education and Industrial Development
In the early 20th century,as Western modernization and the painting industry rapidly progressed,the world situation began to influence both the application and raw materials of traditional Chinese paint technology.Consequently,the advancement of the painting industry emerged as a historical inevitability.Using Dai Ji as a case study,this paper outlines his significant contributions in introducing and fostering the development and localization of modern higher education in paint and chemical engineering.In 1909,Dai Ji graduated from Shanghai Higher Industrial School and subsequently secured an opportunity to study abroad in the United States.He was admitted to the University of Maine to pursue chemistry.While studying in the U.S.,he observed the maturity of the American paint industry and acknowledged the lag in China's paint sector.Motivated,he applied for a study opportunity at the prestigious Massachusetts Institute of Technology to delve deeper into the development of the American paint industry.Dai Ji graduated from the University of Maine in 1914 and returned to China with a mission.Upon his return,he wholeheartedly committed to modernizing Chinese painting and chemical education.He published papers,authored textbooks,and established professional journals.Commencing in 1917,he joined the Beijing Industrial Specialized School as a teacher and began publishing scholarly articles on paint chemistry.Dai Ji introduced Western knowledge of paint chemistry through his textbooks and sought to widen his social influence by founding journals.He emphasized forging stronger ties with academic and industrial communities in the U.S.to bolster education and industry in China's paint and chemical sector.In 1922,he visited the U.S.to explore the paint industry further and invited Professor Toch to China for guidance and scholarly exchanges.Additionally,he sent students to study in the U.S.Dai Ji also underscored the symbiotic relationship between schools and factories,encouraging active production and participation in market competition.He nurtured a cohort of professional and technical talents for the modern paint industry,while actively participating in it himself.His mentees gradually entered paint factories across China,providing invaluable technical guidance and significantly contributing to the growth of the modern Chinese paint industry.This paper encapsulates Dai Ji's experiences before and after his studies in the U.S.from 1909 to 1936.It fills a gap in previous research on Dai Ji and the history of technology transfer in painting engineering.Our study underscores the pivotal role of international students in facilitating modern technology transfer and industrial development in China.The educational and industrial advancements in paint have reduced China's reliance on imported paint products,aligning with the demands of its modern industry.
Dai Jipaint chemical industrypainting industryhigher educationtechnology transfer
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