国家关键领域科技领军人才成长的田野研究:以核能领域为例
Field Research on the Growth of National Scientific and Technological Leaders in Key Fields:A Case Study in the Field of Nuclear Energy
李曼丽 1杨芊芊2
作者信息
摘要
工程实践创新力是培养卓越工程师之肯綮,工程实践性知识则是工程实践能力的根基.研究以清华大学核研院为个案,综合应用深度访谈法、实地观察法、档案法等,基于工程实践性知识的生成机理,深入剖析国家关键领域科技领军人才的成长规律.通过总结不同阶段的核人才持有和运用工程实践性知识的方式与关键特征,研究提出核人才成长路径—EIIS模型.在新手阶段,通过接受部分被外化的工程实践性知识,形成基本的工程认知图式;在熟手阶段,在以"传帮带"为核心的学徒制中,通过内化模式获得即时性实践智慧;在专家阶段,在牵头负责大型工程科研项目中,通过整合模式逐渐发展出适应性专长;在领军阶段,不断积累的实践性知识获得从经验到理论、从技艺到信念、从操作层面到战略层面的深化和拓展,并集中表征为工程实践创新能力.
Abstract
Fostering exceptional engineers hinges upon their capacity for innovative practices within en-gineering domains alongside a solid grounding in applied technical expertise.This investigation con-ducts a comprehensive analysis into developmental trajectories among prominent figures within nuclear engineering at Tsinghua University's Nuclear Research Institute using extensive interviews,on-site observations,and archival investigations rooted in mechanisms governing applied technical expertise generation.Through synthesizing how individuals at various career stages harness and employ applied technical expertise within nuclear disciplines,this study introduces an EIIS model outlining pathways for nurturing talent within this domain.During early career phases,assimilating externalized applied technical expertise forms fundamental cognitive frameworks essential for subsequent development.As individuals progress into more advanced stages via mentorship programs emphasizing instruction and support systems facilitate internalization processes yielding immediate insights crucial for skill acquisi-tion.Advancement into expert roles involves gradual cultivation of specialized adaptability facilitated by spearheading large-scale engineered research initiatives utilizing integration modes.
关键词
核能领域/科技领军人才/拔尖创新人才/工程实践性知识/人才成长规律Key words
nuclear energy/scientific and technological leaders/top-notch innovative talents/engi-neering practical knowledge/talent growth law引用本文复制引用
出版年
2025
NETL
NSTL
万方数据