From Embedding Relations to Constitutive Relations:Challenges and Opportunities of the Indigenization of Hospice Care in China
Hospice care in China has made remarkable progress over the past decade.It is now practiced at vari-ous kinds of hospitals and care homes across the nation,with a stronger presence in media and public cam-paigns.However,hospice care as a new set of practices needs to go through a process of indigenization in order to be fully developed in China.Based on research conducted at different levels of medical institu-tions and care homes,this paper draws on the concepts of"embedding relations"and"constitutive rela-tions"to reveal the challenges and opportunities of the indigenization of hospice care in Chinese medical settings.On the one hand,hospice care is deeply embedded within the specific institutions where it is car-ried out,therefore facing many institutional obstacles and cultural constraints.On the other hand,hospice care and existing institutions constantly influence and change each other's practices.Such constitutive re-lations are the driving force behind the development of hospice care.For future development,practices of hospice care needs to better adjust to the institutional and cultural environment of the Chinese society,while also calling for updated policies and value systems,e.g.more suitable payment arrangements,more resource input,and better education campaigns.