清末孙中山提出五权学说的时间节点及政治指向
The Turning Point and Political Direction of Sun Yat-sen's Five-power Constitution Theory in the Late Qing Dynasty
安东强1
作者信息
摘要
依据清末法国在华情报机构报告所存孙中山信函,可证孙中山提出五权学说的时间应在1906年初欧游之后,至迟不晚于是年6月.厘定这一问题,可以准确把握孙中山革命学说的变化脉络,以及他的政治指向:在党内打破同盟会成员对三权分立学说的执迷,统一思想认知;对外宣传则要对抗立宪派和占领学理制高点,凸显中国革命学说的先进性,争取欧美国家对中国革命的支持.检讨各方关于三权、四权、五权的学理与制度设计的论争和言说,可见三权分立并非牢不可破的真理,适于本国历史与传统的政治学说才可为政治实践奠定坚实理论基础.
Abstract
Based on the preserved correspondence between Sun Yat-sen and French intelligence agencies in the late Qing Dynasty,it can be proven that Sun Yat-sen proposed the Five-power Constitution theory no later than June of 1906,shortly after his trip to Europe.By establishing this timeline,we can accurately grasp the evolution of Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary theory and his political direction.Within the revolu-tionary political party,his aim was to break the members of the Tongmenghui's fixation on the Separation of Powers theory and establish a unified ideological understanding.In terms of external propaganda,he sought to counter the constitutionalists and occupy the commanding heights in academic discourse,empha-sizing the advanced nature of Chinese revolutionary theory and seeking support from European and Ameri-can countries for the Chinese revolution.The debates and discussions surrounding the theories and institu-tional designs of the Separation of Powers,Four-power,and Five-power demonstrate that the Separation of Powers is not an inviolable truth.A political theory that is suitable for a country's history and traditions can lay a solid theoretical foundation for political practice.
关键词
孙中山/梁启超/五权学说/三权分立/政治指向引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据