华南预防医学2024，Vol.50Issue(5) ：415-419,423.DOI:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0415

西安地区中老年居民结直肠癌高危人群筛查率及高危人群早诊意识调查

Investigation on the status and early diagnosis awareness of high-risk population for colorectal cancer among middle-aged and elderly residents in Xi'an region

宋钰 赵阳 王惠君 廖新华 王静 刘战飞
华南预防医学2024，Vol.50Issue(5) ：415-419,423.DOI:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0415
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西安地区中老年居民结直肠癌高危人群筛查率及高危人群早诊意识调查

Investigation on the status and early diagnosis awareness of high-risk population for colorectal cancer among middle-aged and elderly residents in Xi'an region

宋钰 1赵阳 1王惠君 1廖新华 1王静 2刘战飞3
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作者信息

  • 1. 西安交通大学第一附属医院,陕西西安 710061
  • 2. 陕西省人民医院
  • 3. 杨凌示范区医院
  • 折叠

摘要

目的 调查西安地区中老年居民结直肠癌高危人群现状,了解高危人群的早诊意识情况并分析其影响因素,为结直肠癌筛查策略优化提供参考依据.方法 采用横断面调查方法于2022年6-12月抽取西安地区40～74岁常住居民为研究对象,利用危险因素量化评估调查问卷和大便隐血试验(FOBT)对居民进行结直肠癌高危人群筛查,并对高危人群进行肿瘤早诊意识问卷调查,利用logistic回归模型对影响早诊意识相关因素进行多因素分析.结果 共纳入5 478名40～74岁居民进行结直肠癌危险因素调查,其中男性2 690人(49.11％),女性2 788人(50.89％).评估出高危人群956例,高危率为17.45％.女性高危率(19.19％)高于男性(15.65％)(x2=11.901),且随着年龄的增长,高危率呈上升趋势(x2=113.178),60～69岁组的高危率最高(24.18％),40～49岁组的高危率最低(10.71％).乡村居民的高危率(20.93％)显著高于城镇居民(13.72％)(x2=49.331),教育水平对高危率也有显著影响,学历越低,高危率越高(x2=162.742),差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).956例结直肠癌高危人群中289例(30.23％)具备早诊意识.多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,居住地为农村(OR=0.455)、文化程度(OR=1.919)、家庭年收入(OR=1.358)、职业为农民/农民工(OR=0.495)和无/失业(OR=0.444)、定期体检(OR=3.121)、肿瘤史/肠息肉史(OR=2.438)、结直肠癌家族史(OR=2.484)均为结直肠癌高危人群具备早诊意识的相关因素.结论 西安地区居民具有较高的结直肠癌高危率,高危人群的早诊意识有待进一步提高,需针对高危人群的早诊意识影响因素给予干预,以期能够实现肿瘤早发现、早诊断和早治疗,减轻家庭和社会疾病负担.

Abstract

Objective To investigate the status of high-risk populations for colorectal cancer among middle-aged and elderly residents in Xi'an region,to understand the early diagnosis awareness of high-risk populations and analyze its influencing factors,and to provide reference for the optimization of colorectal cancer screening strategy.Methods A cross-sectional investigation was carried out from June through December 2022,enrolling permanent residents of Xi'an for research purposes.A quantified risk assessment questionnaire coupled with fecal occult blood testing(FOBT)were imple-mented to identify populations at an elevated risk for colorectal cancer.Subsequently,a questionnaire pertaining to the early diagnosis awareness regarding cancer was conducted among those classified as high-risk.To further elucidate the de-terminants influencing early diagnosis awareness,a Logistic regression model was utilized for a comprehensive multivariate analysis.Results A cohort of 5 478 individuals,aged between 40 to 74 years,was included in the survey to assess the risk factors for colorectal cancer,with 2 690 males(49.11％)and 2 788 females(50.89％)participating.The survey identified 956 individuals as being at high risk,with an overall high-risk prevalence of 17.45％.The prevalence of high risk among fe-males(19.19％)surpassed that of males(15.65％)(x2=11.901),and there was a positive correlation between increasing age and high-risk prevalence(x2=113.178),with the 60 to 69 years age group exhibiting the highest high-risk preva-lence(24.18％)and the 40 to 49 years group the lowest(10.71％).A significantly higher high-risk prevalence was ob-served among rural residents(20.93％)compared to urban residents(13.72％)(x2=49.331).Education level significantly affected the high-risk prevalence,with lower educational attainment linked to increased high-risk prevalence(x2=162.742),with all differences being statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Among the 956 individuals classified as high risk,289(30.23％)possessed awareness for early cancer diagnosis.Multivariable Logistic regression analysis indicated that rural residency(0R=0.455),higher educational attainment(0R=1.919),higher annual family income(0R=1.358),self-pay medical insurance(OR=1.260),employment as a farmer or migrant worker(0R=0.495)and unemployment(0R=0.444),routine health examinations(OR=3.121),personal history of cancer or polyps(0R=2.438),and a family history of colorectal cancer(0R=2.484)were all correlated with early diagnosis awareness in the high-risk population for colorectal cancer.Conclusions Residents in Xi'an have a high risk of colorectal cancer,and the early diagnosis awareness of high-risk populations needs to be further improved.Interventions should be given to the influencing factors of early diagnosis awareness among high-risk populations,to achieve early detection,diagnosis,and treatment of cancers,and reduce the bur-den of family and social diseases.

关键词

结直肠癌/高危人群/早诊/早治/影响因素

Key words

Colorectal cancer/High-risk population/Early diagnosis/Early treatment/Influencing factor

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出版年

2024
华南预防医学
广东省疾病预防控制中心 中华预防医学会

华南预防医学

CSTPCD
影响因子：1.061
ISSN：1671-5039
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