摘要
在《梅圣俞诗集序》与"穷而后工"这一经典诗学个案中,微观权力对文论话语的介入,显现为身份政治和文学传统两个方面.居政治上位且更具文坛影响力的欧阳修,建构了梅尧臣的仕穷而诗工的形象,不仅将梅仕宦不偶的境遇代入时人视野,也将梅诗合风雅之正的特质予以指陈.梅尧臣在"穷"的方面,表现出对此身份标签和韩孟之喻的初时淡漠、其后接受、终至追随与迎合的历时变化,而在"工"的方面,则表现出一以贯之的对风雅教化的文学传统的秉持恪守.在权力话语理论视角下观照是序,可见出诗文集序不仅有文学评点之用,更起到了日后欧对梅的政治推介作以张本的效果.
Abstract
"Qiong er hou gong(poor poets can create better works)"was an important proposition in classical poetics,there have been many analyses on its theoretical context,ideological origin,academic basis,relevant proposition,acceptance by later generations,external influence and writer's case studies.However,most scholars,when elucidating its meaning,placed in the context of connected literary theories such as"poetry can complain","writing books with passion","crying out injustice","poetry can make the poor",and so on,to interpret the relationship between the ups and downs of the writer's individual life and the actual craftsmanship of creation.Correspondingly,there are few comprehensive and in-depth studies on the historical background and text situation of how the proposition was developed.Moreover,the respective identity and power relations of the addresser(Ouyang Xiu),the addressee(Mei Yaochen)and the audience(scholars of the Northern Song Dynasty)were also scarcely explored.Therefore,this paper tries to investigate this proposition's such specific aspects and finds that the intervention of micro power in literary discourse is manifested in two aspects:identity politics and literary tradition.Ouyang Xiu,who held a high political position and had a greater influence in the literary world,constructed the image of Mei Yaochen as a poor official but a skilled poet.He not only brought into the view of the contemporary people the situation of Mei's unequal official positions,but also pointed out the elegant and upright characteristics of Mei's poetry.In terms of"qiong(poverty)",Mei Yaochen showed a change of indifference towards this identity label and the metaphor of Han and Meng at the beginning,acceptance later,and eventually following and catering,while in terms of"gong(delicate work)",he showed a consistent adherence to the literary tradition of elegance and education.From the perspective of discourse theory of power,it can be seen that the preface of poetry and literature not only serves as a literary commentary,but also serves as a political recommendation for Mei in the future.
基金项目
华东师范大学文化传承创新研究专项(2022ECNU-WHCCYJ-23)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据