教化·文词·性命·历史:明代戏曲"学问化"的四个维度
Moral,Literacy,Philosophy and History:The Four Dimensions of"Intellectual"in Xiqu in the Ming Dynasty
史一辉1
作者信息
摘要
"学问"是明代士大夫重要的日常话语和精神追求,后内化为明代戏曲家的文本追求、批评理论和文化理想.明人从教化、文词、性命、历史四个维度完成"学问化":教化是"学问化"开端,改变了戏曲文体认知,吸引士大夫大量参与戏曲创作;文词作为文人审美的塑造工具,从技法上借鉴诗词,提升了戏曲文学性;性命寄托了士大夫的精神理想,继承了文以载道传统;历史作为戏曲真实性的实现途径,融合了时代精神与个体心志,借鉴史学技法,以戏曲为小史,补正史之阙.明代戏曲"学问化"是与本色才情相对的戏曲文人雅化的新考察路径,实现了戏曲尊体和文体建构,促使戏曲向真善美的艺术标准进化,为文人戏曲的阐释提供了新视角,奠定了清代戏曲的发展方向.
Abstract
"Scholarship"is an important daily discourse and spiritual pursuit of the scholar-bureaucrats in the Ming Dynasty,which is later internalized into the text pursuit and cultural ideal of the Xiqu writers of the Ming Dynasty.The Ming people complete the"scholarship"of Xiqu from the four dimensions of moral,literary,philosophy and history.Moral is the beginning of"scholarship",which has changed the cognition of the style of Xiqu and attracted a large number of scholars to participate in the creation of Xiqu.As a tool for shaping the aesthetic appreciation of literati,the literary style of Xiqu has been improved by using other literary styles for reference from the technical level.The Neo-Confucianism reposes the spiritual ideal of scholar-bureaucrats,and inherits the tradition of"writings are for conveying truth".History,as the way to realize the authenticity of Xiqu,integrates the spirit of the times and individual aspiration,uses historical techniques for reference,and uses Xiqu as a history supplement to correct the history.The"scholarship"of Xiqu in the Ming Dynasty can be used as a specific investigation path for the elegance of Xiqu literati as opposed to Ben Se.It has realized the respect for Xiqu and style the construction of it.It promotes the evolution of Xiqu to the complete artistic standard of truth,goodness and aesthete,and promotes the development of Xiqu in the Qing Dynasty.
关键词
明代戏曲/学问/本色/文人化/《琵琶记》Key words
Xiqu in the Ming Dynasty/scholarship/Ben Se/literati/The Story of Pipa引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CZW030)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据