明清章回小说文字副文本由释到评点的演化
The Evolution of the Textual Subtexts of Ming and Qing Chapter Novels from Interpretation to Commentary
贾艳艳1
作者信息
摘要
明清章回小说文字副文本经历了数次演化,先由"释",再到"评林",最后才是今天所见的"评点"样态."释"发生在万历中后期,章回小说盛行伊始,这与小说史学题材和读者较薄弱的知识结构有关.在"释"盛行之时,福建书坊内部发生激烈竞争,余象斗书坊率先行动,在"释"基础上,推出具有批评性质的"评林",将评置顶,提高了评在释中的占比,开启了小说评点.至万历后期,福建书坊衰落,三吴书坊崛起,伴随于此,杭州容与堂于万历三十八年(1610)推出李贽《水浒》评本,该评本凭借李贽的自我言说式评语和圈点符号的助力成为风尚,一直延续至明末.清初,随着明清易代,以李贽为代表的评点边缘化,取而代之的是有益文业的金圣叹评点,随后成为清代小说评点主流.
Abstract
Ming and Qing Dynasty chapter back novel sub text has experienced several evolution,first by"Shi",then to"Pinglin",and finally is what we see today"Pingdian"(commentary)."Shi"occurred in the middle and late Wanli period,the beginning of the prevalence of chapter book novels,which is related to the historiography of novels and the reader's weaker knowledge structure.At the time of the prevalence of"Shi",there was fierce competition within the Fujian Book Workshop,and Yu Xiangdou Book Workshop was the first to take action,and on the basis of"Shi",launched the critical nature of the"Pinglin",and put the commentaries on top of the list,increasing the proportion of commentaries.To the late Wanli,Fujian Book Workshop declined,Three Wu Book Workshop began to rise.By this,Hangzhou Rongyu Tang in Wanli 38 launched Li Zhi's Review of Water Margin,the review of the book by virtue of Li Zhi's self-explanatory comments and symbols of the circle to help become fashionable,and has been continued until the end of the Ming Dynasty.At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty,the commentary which as Li Zhi for example replaced by a kind of commentary that is useful to literature industry which as Jin Shengqan for example,and then this kind of commentary became the mainstream of the Qing Dynasty novels commentary.
关键词
释/评林/评点/技法Key words
Shi/Pinglin/commentary/technique引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(2019)(19ZDA247)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据