Synergistic Flame-retardant Epoxy Resin Using Quaternary Phosphate Naphthalene Sulfonate Ionic Liquid and Dimethyl Methylphosphonate
A novel room temperature ionic liquid of quaternary phosphate naphthalene sulfonate([TBP]NS)was synthesized.The structure of[TBP]NS was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H NMR and 31P NMR).[TBP]NS was combined with dimethyl methylphosphonate(DMMP)to prepare flame-retardant epoxy resin.The flame-retardant results showed that when 6%(mass fraction)of[TBP]NS and 4%(mass fraction)of DMMP were added into epoxy resin(EP),the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retardant EP reached 31.2%,and EP/6%[TBP]NS/4%DMMP passed the UL-94 vertical combustion V-0 level.Compared with pure EP,the EP/6%[TBP]NS/4%DMMP showed a 59%reduction in peak heat release rate(PHRR),a 43%reduction in total heat release rate(THR),a 41%reduction in peak carbon monoxide release rate(PCOP),and a 97%increase in char yield.[TBP]NS and DMMP showed excellent synergistic flame retardancy in both the gaseous phase and the condensed phase,and good charring ability and heat reduction effect.In terms of mechanical properties,the tensile strength,elongation at break and bending strength of the EP/6%[TBP]NS/4%DMMP were all improved compared with those of the EP with DMMP alone.
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