There are the oldest,most complete and most concentrated Eastern and Western-style coexistence buildings in Macao.The stone wall trees growing on the walls of ancient buildings show the cultural heritage of Macao in the form of life.To better understand the stone wall trees and their occurrence characteristics,a survey was conducted on them and their attached structures with significant historical and cultural memory sites in the Macao region.The results show 96 stone wall trees in Macao,belonging to 5 families,six genera,and 16 species,with Ficus plants having the most significant advantage;Stone wall trees are mainly concentrated in the real estate of the place class.The types of stone wall trees can be divided into five types(A~E type)based on their attachment location and different types of structures.After detrended principal component analysis(PCA cluster analysis),it can be divided into two categories.Type D(root attachment to wall,wall root,and wall top)stone wall trees a re separately classified into one category due to their unique characteristics and differences from other types.
Stone wall treesEpiphytic structuresOccurrence characteristicsMacao