Serum expressions of cytokines in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with pleural effusion and their correlations with pulmonary function
Objective To investigate the expression of IL-1 β,IL-10,TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum of chil-dren with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)and pleural effusion(PE)and their correlations with pulmonary function.Methods A total of 100 children with MPP were selected from Cangzhou People's Hospital between January 2022 and July 2023.Based on the presence of pleural effusion,the children were divided into two groups:the PE group(21 cases)and the non-PE group(79 cases).Additionally,30 healthy children were selected as the control group.Se-rum samples were collected to detect IL-10,IL-1 β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α levels.Pulmonary function tests were per-formed using a pediatric spirometer.The severity of pneumonia was evaluated using the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score(CPIS).Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between cytokine levels and pulmonary function parameters as well as CPIS scores.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting the de-velopment of PE in MPP patients,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of the cytokines for MPP complicated by PE.Results Compared to the control group,serum levels ofIL-10,IL-1 β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were significantly elevated in both the PE and non-PE groups(t=14.280/29.595,24.898/21.110,15.317/9.328,34.357/37.029,P＜0.05).In the PE group,the levels of IL-10,IL-1 β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were significantly higher than in the non-PE group(t=5.379,20.821,7.907,10.972,P＜0.05).Compared to the non-PE group,children in the PE group had lower values for tidal volume(VT),peak ex-piratory flow at 75％tidal volume(TEF25/PTEF％),respiratory rate(Ti/Te),and peak expiratory flow time ratio(TPTEF/TE),along with higher CPIS scores,and these differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The levels of IL-10,IL-1 β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were negatively correlated with pulmonary function parameters and CPIS scores in the PE group(P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL-10,IL-1β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α were risk factors for the development of pleural effusion in children with MPP(P＜0.05).ROC curve analy-sis showed that the combined detection of IL-10,IL-1β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α had the highest sensitivity and speci-ficity for diagnosing MPP with pleural effusion(P＜0.05).Conclusion IL-10,IL-1 β,IFN-γ,and TNF-α are upregulated in the serum of children with MPP complicated by pleural effusion.The expression levels of these cytokines correlate with pulmonary function,and their combined detection may be useful in the clinical diagnosis of MPP with pleural effusion.
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