The Private Factors in the Sino-French Royal Exchanges Viewed from the 'Customized in France' 1775-1776 under Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty
Under the commission of Emperor Qianlong(乾隆),there were a series of enameled objects imperially customized from'Waiyang'(overseas)in 1775-1776----'France'he referred to.The exchange mechanism got established between the two countries subsequently to work efficiently for the increasing number of transnational customization cases of that time.The custom-made commodities from the Qing court got well implemented under the great support from the French court,with the Jesuits,the French East India Company and Ministers of State,individual traders participating in the business,among whom is Knight Achille de Robien,a key role behind the execution of the mission.
Franceenameled objectscustom-madethe French East India CompanyAchille de Robien
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