How Can Heterogeneous Governance be Achieved in Rural Living Environments?——An Explanation Based on External Resources and Internal Dynamics
This study examines the practice bottlenecks in constructing livable and business-friendly rural en-vironments,which also pose theoretical challenges to the precise pollution control for building a beautiful Chi-na.Based on the realistic scenario of rural transformation in China and utilizing the new endogenous develop-ment theory,a concise analytical framework is constructed from two dimensions,"external resources"and"in-ternal dynamics".Four typical cases are used to identify how resources and dynamics influence the heteroge-neous governance of rural living environments.It is found that:(1)The heterogeneity of rural living environ-ment governance is determined by the differences in external resources and internal dynamics,categorizing governance paths into symbiotic,passive,spontaneous,and stagnant types.These paths exhibit fluidity and transitional characteristics.(2)Vertical and horizontal linkage and internal-external symbiosis are crucial mechanisms for heterogeneous governance of rural living environments.This involves forming a collaborative governance pattern among government,market entities,village collectives,and villagers,aligning external re-source supply with rural regional characteristics to activate endogenous dynamics.(3)Village collectives serve as key bridges in constructing heterogeneous governance paths,linking upper and lower subjects and adapting internal and external resources.Governance strategies are classified based on the coupling results of their in-teractive heterogeneity.This study provides practical reference value nationwide by adapting the experience of the"Million Engineering Projects"according to local conditions.It also enriches the theoretical significance of heterogeneous governance in rural areas under the Chinese context.
Environmental GovernanceRural Living EnvironmentHeterogeneityExternal ResourcesInternal Dynamics
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