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监督下乡、分责秩序与乡村关系重构

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在国家治理现代化转型背景下,监督下乡不断重塑基层治理的实践样态.伴随监督体系的层级扩大,监督的泛化、精细化以及问责强化,基于考核、督查与问责三位一体的监督机制高度强化,导致乡镇治理陷入"责能失衡"困境.为此,乡镇依托"分责"机制,也即通过党政统合的总体责任配置、行政包干的横向责任压实以及监督下沉的纵向责任下移,展开对此困境的应对实践治理.乡镇的分责实践塑造了以"分责秩序"为核心的乡村治理秩序,"分责秩序"的生成本质上是乡镇在监督问责的压力型体制下积极避责的结果.在此分责秩序下乡村组成紧密的"责任共同体",其区别于分利秩序所塑造的乡村利益共同体,成为新型乡村关系形态.乡村责任共同体相对有效地应对高压问责的多中心工作,但也造成了乡镇体制过热与村级组织行政化等意外后果.
Supervision to the Countryside,Order of Division of Responsibilities and Reconstruction of Rural Relations
In the context of the modernization and transformation of national governance,su-pervision going to the countryside constantly reshapes the practice of grassroots governance.Along with the level expansion of the supervision system,the generalization and refinement of supervi-sion,and the strengthening of accountability,the supervision mechanism based on the trinity of as-sessment,supervision and accountability has been highly strengthened,resulting in township gov-ernance falling into the dilemma of"responsibility-energy imbalance".To this end,townships rely on the"separation of responsibilities"mechanism,that is,through the overall responsibility allo-cation of party-government integration,the consolidation of horizontal responsibilities through ad-ministrative responsibility,and the downward movement of vertical responsibilities through super-vision,to carry out responsive governance to this dilemma.The practice of division of responsibili-ties in townships has shaped the rural governance order with the"order of division of responsibili-ties"as the core.Under this division of responsibility order,villages form a close"community of responsibility",which is different from the community of rural interests shaped by the order of dis-tribution of profits,and becomes a new form of rural relations.The village responsibility commu-nity is relatively effective in coping with the high-pressure accountability multi-center work,but it has also caused unintended consequences such as the overheating of the township system and the ad-ministrativeization of village-level organizations.

Supervision to the CountrysideImbalance of Responsibilities and AbilitiesOr-der of Division of ResponsibilitiesAvoidance of ResponsibilitiesVillage Responsibility Community

卢丛丛

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华中师范大学中国农村研究院

监督下乡 责能失衡 分责秩序 避责 乡村责任共同体

国家社会科学基金重大项目国家社科基金重大项目

19ZDA11422&ZD173

2024

公共管理与政策评论

公共管理与政策评论

CSSCI北大核心
影响因子：0.683
ISSN：
年,卷(期)：2024.13(2)
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