Effects of integrated water and fertilizer nitrogen reduction on potato yield and water use efficiency in Longzhong region of Gansu Province
A potato water and fertilizer integration experiment was conducted in the semiarid Longzhong region of Gansu Province from 2022 to 2023,with a total of four planting modes including the dry farming and high fertiliz-er mode for farmers ( T1,basal nitrogen fertilizer 260 kg·hm-2,no irrigation during the growth period),the coop-erative high water and fertilizer mode ( T2,basal nitrogen fertilizer 260 kg·hm-2,irrigation during the growth peri-od 150 mm),the water and fertilizer integration mode Ⅰ (T3,basal nitrogen fertilizer 102 kg·hm-2+topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 98 kg·hm-2,irrigation during the growth period 90 mm),and the water and fertilizer integration mode Ⅱ(T4,basal nitrogen fertilizer 42 kg·hm-2+topdressing nitrogen fertilizer 98 kg·hm-2,irrigation during the growth period 90 mm) .The study was to explore the impact of integrated technology of supplementary irrigation,nitrogen reduction,water and fertilizer on potato yield and water use efficiency.The results showed that the integra-tion of supplementary irrigation,nitrogen reduction,water and fertilizer significantly promoted the growth of potato leaf area index,aboveground and tuber dry matter accumulation,and significantly increased the commodity potato rate.However,under the T2 treatment,the rate of dry matter accumulation in the later stage of potato growth slowed down.In 2022 and 2023,the potato tuber yield of the T3 treatment significantly increased by 100.7% and 229.1% compared to the T1 treatment,and significantly increased by 30.4% and 38.6% compared to the T2 treat-ment,respectively.The potato tuber yield of T4 treatment was significantly increased by 94.4% and 216.2% com-pared to T1 treatment,and by 26.3% and 33.1% compared to T2 treatment,respectively.There was no significant difference between T3 and T4 treatments.From 2022 to 2023,the WUE performance among different treatments was T3>T4>T2>T1.Compared to T1 treatment,WUE of T3 treatment significantly increased by 46.2% and 146.4% over two years,while the T4 treatment significantly increased by 44.0% and 135.7%,respectively.Compared with the T2 treatment,WUE of T3 treatment significantly increased by 51.1% and 55.1% over two years,while the T4 treatment significantly increased by 48.9% and 48.3%,respectively.In summary,the integration of water and fer-tilizer significantly improved the yield and water use efficiency of potato,the cultivation measures of basal nitrogen fertilizer 42 kg·hm-2,topdressing 98 kg·hm-2,and supplementary irrigation of 90 mm during the growth period under the integration of water and fertilizer treatment can be recommended as a high-yield and efficient production model for potatoes in the semiarid area of central Gansu.
potatointegrated water and fertilizationnitrogen reductiondry matter accumulationyieldwater use efficiency
万方数据
维普
