首页|不同改良剂对黑土区大豆连作土壤养分平衡及细菌群落的影响

不同改良剂对黑土区大豆连作土壤养分平衡及细菌群落的影响

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为明确不同碱性土壤改良剂对黑土区大豆连作障碍的缓解效果,于2023年设置6种不同施肥处理,即不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(CF)、磷肥减量+钙镁磷肥改良剂(CPK)、常规施肥+生物炭(CBK)、常规施肥+生石灰(CNK)及常规施肥+腐植酸肥料(CHK),测定土壤理化性质和土壤微生物细菌群落多样性和丰富度等指标.结果表明:与CK、CF处理相比,施用改良剂使土壤有机碳含量增加3.9%～6.9%,全氮含量增加17.0%～41.0%,速效钾含量增加13.9%～21.8%;大豆产量提升9.8%～32.1%,其中CBK处理下大豆产量提升幅度最大.改良后土壤细菌的优势菌门与改良前相同,但细菌的丰富度及多样性升高;与CK和CF处理相比,除CNK处理外的其他改良剂处理变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度提高10.6%～16.6%.土壤微生物多样性与土壤理化性质的相关性分析表明,土壤pH值与土壤微生物Alpha多样性指数多呈正相关关系,土壤交换性酸含量则与Alpha多样性指数呈负相关关系;土壤有效磷含量与Simpson指数呈显著负相关关系.综上所述,施用改良剂能优化大豆连作土壤的理化性质及微生物环境,同时提高大豆产量,常规施肥配施生物炭处理效果最佳.
Effects of different amendments on bacterial communities and soil nutrients of soybean continuous cropping in black soil area
To identify the alleviating effects of different alkaline soil amendments on soybean continuous crop-ping obstacles in black soil area,six different fertilization treatments including plot planting,namely no fertilization ( CK),conventional fertilization ( CF),phosphorus fertilizer reduction+calcium-magnesium-phosphorus fertilizer improver ( CPK),conventional fertilization+biochar ( CBK),conventional fertilization+quicklime ( CNK) and conventional fertilization+humic acid fertilizer ( CHK) were set up in 2023.No fertilization ( CK) and convention-al fertilization ( CF) were used as controls,and the physical and chemical properties of soil and the diversity and richness of soil microbial and bacterial communities were determined.The results showed that compared with the CK and CF treatments,the application of amendments increased soil organic carbon content by 3.9%～6.9%,soil total nitrogen content by 17.0%～41.0%,and available potassium content by 13.9%～21.8%.Compared with CK and CF,the soybean yield increased by 9.8%～32.1% under different amendment treatments,and the soybean yield in-creased the most under CBK treatment.The dominant phylum of soil bacteria was the same as those before improve-ment,but the richness and diversity of bacteria increased.Compared with the CK and CF controls,the relative abun-dance of Proteobacteria was increased by 10.6%～16.6% under the application of other modifiers except CNK treat-ment .The correlation between soil microbial diversity and soil physicochemical property showed that soil pH was posi-tively correlated with soil microbial alpha diversity index,while soil exchange acid content was negatively correlated with alpha diversity index.There was a significant negative correlation between soil available phosphorus content and soil Simpson index.In conclusion,amendments application optimized the physicochemical properties and microbial en-vironment of soybean continuous cropping soil and improved soybean yields.Of which CBK treatment had the best effect.

soil amendmentscontinuous cropping of soybeansoil acidificationsoil nutrientsbacterial community structuremicrobial diversity

孙义卓、蔡姗姗、陈雪丽、王伟、郭伟、高中超、刘媛媛、刘慧莹、孙海燕、孙磊

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黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江 大庆163000

黑龙江省黑土保护利用研究院,黑龙江 哈尔滨150086

黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江 哈尔滨150086

土壤改良剂 连作大豆 土壤酸化 土壤养分 细菌群落结构 微生物多样性

国家大豆产业技术体系黑龙江省"揭榜挂帅"项目国家重点研发计划中国与联合国开发计划署合作水资源管理方案

CARS-042021ZXJ05B0112022YFD1500181-03CPR/21/401

2024

10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2024.04.14

干旱地区农业研究
西北农林科技大学

干旱地区农业研究

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：1.021
ISSN：1000-7601
年,卷(期)：2024.42(4)
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